Clasificaci贸n Edades OMS: A Comprehensive Guide
Understanding the classification of ages as defined by the World Health Organization (WHO) is crucial for various sectors, including healthcare, education, and social services. This guide aims to provide you with a detailed and multi-dimensional introduction to the WHO’s classification of ages.
Age Groups Defined by WHO
The WHO has defined age groups based on various criteria, including biological, psychological, and social factors. Here’s a breakdown of the different age groups:
| Age Group | Description |
|---|---|
| Newborn | From birth to 28 days |
| Infant | From 29 days to 1 year |
| Child | From 1 to 4 years |
| Pre-school child | From 4 to 5 years |
| School-age child | From 6 to 12 years |
| Adolescent | From 10 to 19 years |
| Young adult | From 20 to 24 years |
| Adult | From 25 to 64 years |
| Older adult | From 65 years and above |
These age groups are not only used for statistical purposes but also to tailor healthcare, education, and social services to the specific needs of each group.
Biological Aspects of Age Classification
The WHO’s classification of ages takes into account the biological changes that occur as individuals grow older. For instance, newborns require special care due to their developing immune systems, while older adults may require more attention to their declining health and cognitive abilities.
Newborns and infants are particularly vulnerable to infections and other health issues due to their underdeveloped immune systems. As children grow, they enter the school-age group, where they begin to develop cognitive and social skills. Adolescents experience significant physical and emotional changes, while young adults are transitioning into adulthood, facing new responsibilities and challenges.
Psychological Aspects of Age Classification
The WHO’s classification of ages also considers the psychological changes that occur throughout life. For example, children and adolescents may require support in developing their self-esteem and identity, while older adults may benefit from programs that help maintain their mental health and cognitive abilities.
Young adults are often focused on establishing their careers and personal lives, while adults may be dealing with the stress of work, family, and other responsibilities. Older adults may face challenges such as retirement, loss of loved ones, and health issues, which can impact their mental well-being.
Social Aspects of Age Classification
The WHO’s classification of ages also takes into account the social factors that influence individuals’ lives. For instance, children and adolescents may require support in accessing education and social opportunities, while older adults may benefit from programs that help them remain active and engaged in their communities.
Young adults are often establishing their independence and forming relationships, while adults are managing their careers and family life. Older adults may require assistance in accessing healthcare, transportation, and other essential services.
Conclusion
Understanding the WHO’s classification of ages is essential for providing appropriate support and services to individuals at different stages of their lives. By considering biological, psychological, and social factors, the WHO has created a comprehensive framework that can help policymakers, healthcare professionals, and educators tailor their efforts to meet the unique needs of each age group.