Colesterol Valores Normales OMS: A Comprehensive Guide
Understanding cholesterol levels is crucial for maintaining a healthy lifestyle. The World Health Organization (WHO) provides guidelines on normal cholesterol values, which can help individuals assess their risk of heart disease and take appropriate action. In this article, we will delve into the details of cholesterol values as recommended by the WHO, exploring various dimensions to ensure you have a comprehensive understanding.
What is Cholesterol?
Cholesterol is a waxy, fat-like substance found in your blood. Your body produces cholesterol, and it is also present in some of the foods you eat. While cholesterol is essential for the production of hormones, vitamin D, and bile acids, excessive levels can lead to health issues, primarily affecting the heart and blood vessels.
Types of Cholesterol
There are two main types of cholesterol: low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and high-density lipoprotein (HDL). LDL cholesterol is often referred to as “bad” cholesterol because high levels can lead to the buildup of plaque in your arteries, increasing the risk of heart disease. On the other hand, HDL cholesterol is known as “good” cholesterol because it helps remove LDL cholesterol from your arteries, reducing the risk of heart disease.
Normal Cholesterol Values According to the WHO
The WHO provides guidelines on normal cholesterol values based on age, sex, and other risk factors. Here are the recommended cholesterol levels for adults:
| Age Group | Sex | LDL Cholesterol (mg/dL) | HDL Cholesterol (mg/dL) |
|---|---|---|---|
| 18-59 years | Male | <100 | >40 |
| 18-59 years | Female | <100 | >50 |
| >60 years | Male | <100 | >40 |
| >60 years | Female | <100 | >50 |
These values are considered normal, but it’s essential to note that individual risk factors may vary. If you have a family history of heart disease or other risk factors, it’s crucial to consult with a healthcare professional for personalized advice.
Factors Affecting Cholesterol Levels
Several factors can influence cholesterol levels, including:
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Diet: Consuming foods high in saturated fats, trans fats, and cholesterol can raise LDL cholesterol levels. On the other hand, a diet rich in fiber, omega-3 fatty acids, and plant sterols can help lower LDL cholesterol levels.
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Physical activity: Regular physical activity can help raise HDL cholesterol levels and lower LDL cholesterol levels.
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Weight: Being overweight or obese can increase your cholesterol levels.
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Genetics: Some individuals may have a genetic predisposition to high cholesterol levels.
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Medications: Certain medications, such as birth control pills and some antidepressants, can affect cholesterol levels.
Monitoring and Managing Cholesterol Levels
Monitoring your cholesterol levels is essential for maintaining a healthy lifestyle. Here are some tips for managing cholesterol levels:
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Follow a heart-healthy diet: Focus on whole grains, fruits, vegetables, lean proteins, and healthy fats.
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Engage in regular physical activity: Aim for at least 150 minutes of moderate-intensity aerobic exercise per week.
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Maintain a healthy weight: If you’re overweight, losing weight can help lower your cholesterol levels.
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Limit alcohol consumption: Excessive alcohol intake can raise triglyceride levels and negatively impact cholesterol levels.
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Take prescribed medications: If your healthcare professional prescribes medication to
